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Italian Neo-Parmenidism in the XXᵉ century. The philosophy of Emanuele Severino and death as a necessity of being
Barbieri, Sofia ; Klass, Tobias Nikolaus (advisor) ; Flock, Philip (referee)
Keywords: Emanuele Severino, Neo-Parmenidism, original structure, Being, Nothingness, death. The aim of this work is to put into circulation the thought of the Italian philosopher Emanuele Severino. The Neo-Parmenidism, of which Severino is the most important representative, is an interesting voice in the Italian and European philosophical panorama nowadays and it can open a new field for philosophical research, especially in the theme of death. A definition of Neo-Parmenidism will be given and the context from which and in which it was born and developed in the XXᵉ century will be outlined. The 'original structure' will then be explained. It is the logical-conceptual knot which, according to Severino, is the true foundation, since it allows the Being to be shown in its full authenticity, that is, without contamination by nothingness. The second half of Severino's writings will also be discussed. The path to the affirmation of authentic Being through the "sunset" of being-that-is-not will be shown. Finally, we will expose how Severino manages to give a new meaning to the phenomenon of death, which no longer has to do with nothingness but only with Being, as an approach to the Glory.
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Conception of Self-knowledge in work of Jiddu Krishnamurti
Čihák, Matěj ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Blažková, Miloslava (referee)
This Master thesis analyzes the conception of self-knowledge in work of Jiddu Krishnamurti. Jiddu Krishnamurti (1895-1986) was a spiritual teacher and writer, born in India and lived in USA. The goal of the thesis is to show Krishnamurti's conception of self-knowledge from its own. In thesis there are quotations from Krishnamurti's works and also from works of others related authors from ranks of philosophy, science or literature. The first part of thesis shows Krishnamurti's life and his work in general. The second part analyzes a topic of self-knowledge in work of Krishnamurti. First of all, the thesis tries to introduce the way in which Krishnamurti understands a self-knowledge and its potential. In the second place, it tries to incorporate Krishnamurti's work into context of whole human searchng with intention to find a dialog between science and spirituality and between East and West.
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Across the Line of the World: On Poetics of Being on the Road in the Central European Novel of the second half of the Twentieth Century.
Knotová, Tereza ; Činátlová, Blanka (advisor) ; Bílek, Petr (referee)
Thesis Across the Line of the World: On Poetics of Being on the Road in the Central and East European Novel of the second half of the Twentieth Century dissert on the phenomen of vagabondism in a given space and time. Analysis of eight texts (Albahari, Bachmannová, Bernhard, Bondy, Chwin, Miłosz, Müllerová, Sebald, Velikić) through the concept of smooth and striated space (Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari), and Milan Balaban's exegesis on the Biblical Exodus shows four basic principals of this rather intensive than extensive vagabondism: nothingness, sense for smoothness, melancholy and fragmentarization. Central and East European Novel Vagabondism Smooth and striated space (Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari) Exodus (Milan Balabán) Melancholy Nothingness Sense for smoothness Fragmentarization
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Zahradníček's Sign of Power
Svárovská, Nicol ; Novák, Aleš (advisor) ; Chavalka, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to interpret Jan Zahradnicek's spacious poem The Sign of Power. The interpretation crystallizes around the motifs of dehumanisation (connected with Nietzsche's motif of nihilism and of the last man) of a man, the loss of a word, discontinuity, the loss of time, the human face, nothingness (specific Nothingness) and the possibility of salvation, connected with an awakening of the sight. There are two semantic lines essential for enlightening these motifs: Dante's Divine Comedy and Picard's works of the late 40s. Zahradnicek wrote The Sign of Power during 1950-1951, at the time of his intense work on the translation of Dante's Divine Comedy. The purpose of the first part of this thesis is to illustrate how strongly the Divine Comedy influenced the key motifs of The Sign of Power. The purpose of the second part of the thesis is to uncover a new semantic context for the interpretation of Zahradnicek's poem; the works of Swiss essayist, philosopher and poet Max Picard, which were of great importance for Zahradnicek's poem. I see the exposition of Picard's specific grasp of the key modern phenomena, which penetrated to Zahradnicek's poem, as the further objective of the work. The thesis is guided by the fundamental question of The Sign of Power - "what happened with a man" -,...
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